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On the contribution of the subtropical gyre to the meridional heat transport in an idealized OGCM

Alban Lazar1, Gurvan Madec2 and A. J. Busalacchi1

1. ESSIC, University of Maryland, College Park MD
2. LODYC, UMR CNRS, IRD, Univ. Paris VI, Paris, France

Corresponding Author: Dr Alban Lazar
ESSIC, 2207 Computer and Space Science Building,
 Univ. Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2465
Email: alban.lazar@gsfc.nasa.gov

ABSTRACT
We examine the physics of the oceanic meridional transport of heat by the subtropical gyre HGY in an idealized OGCM. The contribution of the gyre to the net mid-latitude heat transport H is important to understand because, unlike sometimes considered, it can be significant compared to the meridional overturning circulation. Therefore it is useful to gain a better appreciation of it, in order eventually to improve the simulation of the total heat transport. This work points out the sensitivity of HGY to three properties of the model: the physics of the surface heat flux through the value of the relaxation time constant, the physics of the mixed layer through its depth, and the parameterization of lateral diffusion through the intensity of the diffusion coefficient.
The analysis shows that the larger the relaxation time constant, the larger the gyre contribution. Simultaneously, the contribution of the meridional overturning circulation increases, but the net effect is positive for the total heat transport. Nevertheless, recent estimate from observations suggest a smaller relaxation time constant, which would produce a smaller gyre contribution. Given a value for this constant, we argue that a deeper mixed layer, a higher HGY. This mechanism is used to explain important differences between previous idealized studies of the physics of H. At last, we show that the lower the intensity of the lateral diffusivity in various parameterizations of meso-scale processes, the larger the heat transport contribution of the gyre. This substantial modification of the physics of H is systematically accompanied by a decrease in the contribution of the diffusive term and various impact on that of the meridional overturning. The net impact on H is therefore not systematic. We only obtained a net increase in H for a weak relaxation time constant, and the opposite otherwise.